from sqlalchemy import Column, JSON, String, select
from sqlalchemy.orm import declarative_base

Base = declarative_base()

class Test(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'test'
    id = Column(String, primary_key=True)
    meta = Column(JSON)

try:
    s = select(Test).where(Test.meta["type"].as_string() == "target_reliability")
    print("as_string works")
except Exception as e:
    print("as_string error:", e)

try:
    s = select(Test).where(Test.meta["type"].astext == "target_reliability")
    print("astext works")
except Exception as e:
    print("astext error:", e)